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Tag Archives: ISHII; Erina

It is Not Easy to Find a Clean and Functional Public Toilet in Many Countries: Lessons to Learn from Japan


SATO, N.; ISHII, E. It is Not Easy to Find a Clean and Functional Public Toilet in Many Countries: Lessons to Learn from Japan JAS4QoL 2022, 8(1) 1 online at: https://as4qol.org/xAJT1

Categories: > Volume 8, > Wisdom Notes, Journal Articles, Volumes
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SATO; NorikoISHII; Erina  

Imex Japan Co. Ltd., 3F Imex Japan Building, 22 Shimomidori-cho, Shichiku, KitaKu, Kyoto 603-8425, JAPAN

Traveling in Europe, the United States, and most countries in Asia, it is always a painful and embarrassing moment when nature calls. For people living in Japan especially, the situation maybe unbearable when a language barrier arises as well. All these come back to the one and one only question:  Why are public toilets or washrooms not readily available outside Japan? The answer to this question goes back to the 19th century when a well-meaning reformer, Augustus Gardner spoke out in 1862: “Any man, and far more, any woman may walk from one end of this city to the other, in the most dire torture, without finding the relief to the necessities of the body, without such indecent exposure of the person as would render the individual liable to arrest and fine by the civic authorities.” 

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Rat Basophilic Leukemia Cells (RBL-2H3) teaching/learning of science English HIBINO; Kenichi Task Types Brazilian Herbal Medicine Shinno-san Proceedings NAKAMURA;Seikou MATSUDA; Hisashi Salivary Cortisol TAKAO; Ikuko HASAGAWA; Keito Writing Performance writing activity single-product EFL 1. Triage Nurses TAKESHIM;A Shigeo shying away from science Kampo OGASAWARA; Hiroyuki fluency Erina SATO multiple choice WAKATSUKI; Toru Outer World grammar instruction Water Systems Nutritinal function Epidemiologic Study Killer Cells Flavonoids XU; Fengming smoking cessation HIRAYAMA; Etsuko Vocabulary Gardens NAKAMURA; Seikou practical science experiments IMAE; Hidefumi Japanese Cultural Uniqueness OTANI; Arika NOGUCHI; Ayako complementary product Japanese pharmacy students Drug Discovery elementary school students type-2 diabetes Beta-Endorphins Pharmacy SF8-Assessment Scores Tryptanthrin conference CHIZU; Imai ITO; Ken niwa Dative Alternation Quality of Life HATTA; Kanji IKEGAMI; Sako REE Immunoglobulin-A Monitoring grammar teaching Cissus sicyoides Preparatory education prior to study abroad CRESPO; David SATO; Erina MATSUMOTO; Kenya oral presentation Stress ITABE; Hiroyuki the manual booklets Bleak House HIEJIMA; Yoshimitsu emergency departments written relevance and assessment senstitivity of tests Kyoto Cortisol task type Internet-Use Tendency proficiency level Elderly Japanese EFL learners Kyoto Gardens MATHEWS; Cy Japanese Cedar Pollinosis TEZUKA; Osamu Masayuki YOSHIKAWA and Minoru; OZEKI Science English KIMURA; Tooru MIKAMI: Hiroshi WAJIMA; Rikako Inner World teien OUCHI: Yuri questionnaire survey HIOKI; Chizuko Facial Illustration-Based Self-Rating EFL Depression Treatment SUGAWARA; Kaoru NISHIOKA; Yuichiro Literary Criticism Dickens NISHITANI; Hironori Cytokines obesity promoting and impairing factors glycemic index affirrmative feedback HONJO; Michio metalanguage Immunodefense System Leukotriene D4 (LTD4) Antagonists Hisashi MATSUDA; Hisashi KITADE; Tatsuya NAKASHIMA; Souichi Homogeneity of High Cultures and Subcultures OSCE English program elective subject HATA; Hiroki ESP food labels English Salon Edwin Drood circadian rhythm IMAI; Chizu Fiction FUJIWARA; Yumi KOBAYASHI; Aya physical symptoms Wisdom Note Alzheimer’s Disease Furukawa; Shoei Conferences Environmental Carbon Dioxide Concentration Arachidonic Acid Cascade the trial Full Paper JENKINS; Judge Pamela KOBAYASHI; Yasuna NAKAMURA; Tsuyako Kanji; HATTA picture description task KOHNO; Kyoko communicative competence Cognitive Linguistics Collaborative Writing medication counseling AIURA; Satoshi Water NISHIKAWA; Tetsu Global Warming English Teaching Fengming XU Communication Skills Pronunciation reishi NAKAI; Hisao MATSUNO; Hikari KUWABARA; Masato Nutrient Functions Claims Cultural Properties Mini Review YOSHIKAWA; Masayuki Teaching ISHIKAWA; Hiroyasu Pharmaceutical Science English Souichi NAKASHIMA FUJITA; Hiroyuki accuracy Cognitively Impaired Elderly metabolic indexes KAMADA; Masao Scientific English complexity Cooperative Learning NOJIMA; Keisuke Nerve Growth Factor self-confidence coronavirus English for Study Abroad Airborne Pollen Levels English for Special Purposes Ganodrema lucidum FOONG; Anthony FW gastrointestinal disorders Seiji; SHIMOSATO English continuous publication Inpatient Violence Student-Lecturer microphone use relevance and assessment sensitivity of tests Emotion and Behavior SATO; Noriko Atopic Dermatiitis Chin-Don Therapy KONISHI; Nami Kaoru SUGAWARA